Success of montreal protocol demonstrated ...
Document type :
Article dans une revue scientifique: Article original
PMID :
Permalink :
Title :
Success of montreal protocol demonstrated by comparing high-quality uv measurements with \"world avoided\" calculations from two chemistry-climate models
Author(s) :
Mckenzie, Richard [Auteur]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] [NIWA]
Bernhard, Germar [Auteur]
Liley, Ben [Auteur]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] [NIWA]
Disterhoft, Patrick [Auteur]
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences [CIRES]
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]
Rhodes, Steve [Auteur]
Australian Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] [BoM]
Bais, Alkiviadis [Auteur]
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Morgenstern, Olaf [Auteur]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] [NIWA]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] [NIWA]
Newman, Paul [Auteur]
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center [GSFC]
Oman, Luke [Auteur]
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center [GSFC]
Brogniez, Colette [Auteur]
Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique (LOA) - UMR 8518
Simic, Stana [Auteur]
Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences [Vienne, Autriche] [BOKU]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] [NIWA]
Bernhard, Germar [Auteur]
Liley, Ben [Auteur]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] [NIWA]
Disterhoft, Patrick [Auteur]
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences [CIRES]
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]
Rhodes, Steve [Auteur]
Australian Bureau of Meteorology [Melbourne] [BoM]
Bais, Alkiviadis [Auteur]
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Morgenstern, Olaf [Auteur]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] [NIWA]
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] [NIWA]
Newman, Paul [Auteur]
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center [GSFC]
Oman, Luke [Auteur]
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center [GSFC]
Brogniez, Colette [Auteur]
Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique (LOA) - UMR 8518
Simic, Stana [Auteur]
Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences [Vienne, Autriche] [BOKU]
Journal title :
Scientific Reports
Abbreviated title :
Sci Rep
Volume number :
9
Publication date :
2019-09-03
ISSN :
2045-2322
HAL domain(s) :
Physique [physics]
English abstract : [en]
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has been hailed as the most successful environmental treaty ever ( https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/montreal-protocol-triumph-treaty ). ...
Show more >The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has been hailed as the most successful environmental treaty ever ( https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/montreal-protocol-triumph-treaty ). Yet, although our main concern about ozone depletion is the subsequent increase in harmful solar UV radiation at the Earth's surface, no studies to date have demonstrated its effectiveness in that regard. Here we use long-term UV Index (UVI) data derived from high-quality UV spectroradiometer measurements to demonstrate its success in curbing increases in UV radiation. Without this landmark agreement, UVI values would have increased at mid-latitude locations by approximately 20% between the early 1990s and today and would approximately quadruple at mid-latitudes by 2100. In contrast, an analysis of UVI data from multiple clean-air sites shows that maximum daily UVI values have remained essentially constant over the last ~20 years in all seasons, and may even have decreased slightly in the southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica, where effects of ozone depletion were larger. Reconstructions of the UVI from total ozone data show evidence of increasing UVI levels in the 1980s, but unfortunately, there are no high-quality UV measurements available prior to the early 1990s to confirm these increases with direct observations.Show less >
Show more >The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has been hailed as the most successful environmental treaty ever ( https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/montreal-protocol-triumph-treaty ). Yet, although our main concern about ozone depletion is the subsequent increase in harmful solar UV radiation at the Earth's surface, no studies to date have demonstrated its effectiveness in that regard. Here we use long-term UV Index (UVI) data derived from high-quality UV spectroradiometer measurements to demonstrate its success in curbing increases in UV radiation. Without this landmark agreement, UVI values would have increased at mid-latitude locations by approximately 20% between the early 1990s and today and would approximately quadruple at mid-latitudes by 2100. In contrast, an analysis of UVI data from multiple clean-air sites shows that maximum daily UVI values have remained essentially constant over the last ~20 years in all seasons, and may even have decreased slightly in the southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica, where effects of ozone depletion were larger. Reconstructions of the UVI from total ozone data show evidence of increasing UVI levels in the 1980s, but unfortunately, there are no high-quality UV measurements available prior to the early 1990s to confirm these increases with direct observations.Show less >
Language :
Anglais
Audience :
Internationale
Popular science :
Non
Administrative institution(s) :
CNRS
Université de Lille
Université de Lille
Collections :
Submission date :
2024-01-30T11:45:38Z
2024-02-19T15:01:25Z
2024-02-19T15:01:25Z
Files
- s41598-019-48625-z.pdf
- Non spécifié
- Open access
- Access the document