Title :

Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis among military personnel in French Guiana, 2020: Clinical, phylogenetic, individual and environmental aspects

Author(s) :

Henry, Kim [Auteur]
Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
Mayet, Aurélie [Auteur]
Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale [SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD]
Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] [CESPA]
Hernandez, Miguel [Auteur]
Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
Frechard, Guillaume [Auteur]
Blanc, Pierre-Antoine [Auteur]
Schmitt, Marion [Auteur]
Laboratoire de biologie médicale [Cayenne, Guyane française] [LBM]
André, Nathalie [Auteur]
Service de Santé des Armées
Loreau, Jean-Marie [Auteur]
Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées [Marseille] [CESPA]
Ginouves, Marine [Auteur]
Université de Guyane [UG]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Prevot, Ghislaine [Auteur]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Couppié, Pierre [Auteur]
Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
Université de Guyane [UG]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Demar, Magalie [Auteur]
Université de Guyane [UG]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
Blaizot, Romain [Auteur]
Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
Université de Guyane [UG]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]

Journal title :

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Pages :

e0009938

Publisher :

Public Library of Science

Publication date :

2021-11-19

ISSN :

1935-2727

HAL domain(s) :

Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

English abstract : [en]

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in French Guiana but cases are usually sporadic. An outbreak signal was issued on May 15th 2020 with 15 suspected cases after a military training course in the rainforest. ...
Show more >Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in French Guiana but cases are usually sporadic. An outbreak signal was issued on May 15th 2020 with 15 suspected cases after a military training course in the rainforest. An outbreak investigation was carried out.Methodology/principal findings: Thirty cases were confirmed. Leishmania guyanensis was the most frequent species (90%). The most frequent presentation was ulcerative (90%). Lesions on the face and hands were frequent (40% each). Eight cases (26%) presented a poor outcome after treatment with pentamidine and required a second line with amphotericin B. Three of them required further treatments with meglumine antimoniate or miltefosine. Two spots within the training area were deemed as likely sites of contamination, due to illegal logging. The isolated Leishmania strains did not form a separate cluster. Participation in Week 13 of year 2020 was associated with infection (OR = 4.59 [1.10-19.83]; p = 0.016) while undergoing only the "Fighting" exercise was protective (OR = 0.1 [0-0.74]; p = 0.021). There was no association between infection and other risk factors at the individual level. The attack rate of Regiment B (14/105 = 13.3%) was significantly higher (OR = 4.22 [1.84-9.53], p = 0.0001) compared to Regiment A (16/507 = 3.2%). The attack rate during this training course (30/858 = 3.5%) was significantly higher (OR 2.29 [1.28-4.13]; p = 0.002) than for other missions in French Guiana during the same period (22/1427 = 1.5%).Conclusions: This outbreak could be explained by a combination of factors: climatic conditions around week 13, at-risk activities including night trainings, absence of impregnation, a lesser experience of rainforest duties in Regiment B and illegal logging attracting sandflies on military training grounds.Show less >

Language :

Anglais

Peer reviewed article :

Oui

Audience :

Internationale

Popular science :

Non

Collections :

• Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 9017

Source :

Harvested from HAL