Title :

Treating leishmaniasis in Amazonia, part 2: Multi-target evaluation of widely used plants to understand medicinal practices

Author(s) :

Houël, Emeline [Auteur correspondant]
Ecologie des forêts de Guyane [UMR ECOFOG]
Ginouves, Marine [Auteur]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Université de Guyane [UG]
Azas, Nadine [Auteur]
Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes [VITROME]
Bourreau, Eliane [Auteur]
Institut Pasteur de la Guyane
Eparvier, Véronique [Auteur]
Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles [ICSN]
Hutter, Sébastien [Auteur]
Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes [VITROME]
Knittel-Obrecht, Adeline [Auteur]
Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg [PCBiS]
Jahn-Oyac, Arnaud [Auteur]
Ecologie des forêts de Guyane [UMR ECOFOG]
Prevot, Ghislaine [Auteur]
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Université de Guyane [UG]
Villa, Pascal [Auteur]
Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg [PCBiS]
Vonthron-Sénécheau, Catherine [Auteur]
Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique [LIT]
Odonne, Guillaume [Auteur]
Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens [LEEISA]

Journal title :

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Pages :

115054

Publisher :

Elsevier

Publication date :

2022-05-10

ISSN :

0378-8741

English keyword(s) :

Bixa orellana L.
Immunomodulation
Infected macrophages
Leishmania
Plant use pattern
Plantago major L

HAL domain(s) :

Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Microbiologie et Parasitologie
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Immunologie
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Médecine humaine et pathologie/Maladies émergentes
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Médecine humaine et pathologie/Maladies infectieuses
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Microbiologie et Parasitologie/Parasitologie

English abstract : [en]

Ethnopharmacological relevanceLeishmaniasis are widely distributed among tropical and subtropical countries, and remains a crucial health issue in Amazonia. Indigenous groups across Amazonia have developed abundant knowledge ...
Show more >Ethnopharmacological relevanceLeishmaniasis are widely distributed among tropical and subtropical countries, and remains a crucial health issue in Amazonia. Indigenous groups across Amazonia have developed abundant knowledge about medicinal plants related to this pathology.Aim of the studyWe intent to explore the weight of different pharmacological activities driving taxa selection for medicinal use in Amazonian communities. Our hypothesis is that specific activity against Leishmania parasites is only one factor along other (anti-inflammatory, wound healing, immunomodulating, antimicrobial) activities.Materials and methodsThe twelve most widespread plant species used against leishmaniasis in Amazonia, according to their cultural and biogeographical importance determined through a wide bibliographical survey (475 use reports), were selected for this study. Plant extracts were prepared to mimic their traditional preparations. Antiparasitic activity was evaluated against promastigotes of reference and clinical New-World strains of Leishmania (L. guyanensis, L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis) and L. amazonensis intracellular amastigotes. We concurrently assessed the extracts immunomodulatory properties on PHA-stimulated human PBMCs and RAW264.7 cells, and on L. guyanensis antigens-stimulated PBMCs obtained from Leishmania-infected patients, as well as antifungal activity and wound healing properties (human keratinocyte migration assay) of the selected extracts. The cytotoxicity of the extracts against various cell lines (HFF1, THP-1, HepG2, PBMCs, RAW264.7 and HaCaT cells) was also considered. The biological activity pattern of the extracts was represented through PCA analysis, and a correlation matrix was calculated.ResultsSpondias mombin L. bark and Anacardium occidentale L. stem and leaves extracts displayed high anti-promatigotes activity, with IC50 ≤ 32 μg/mL against L. guyanensis promastigotes for S. mombin and IC50 of 67 and 47 μg/mL against L. braziliensis and L. guyanensis promastigotes, respectively, for A. occidentale. In addition to the antiparasitic effect, antifungal activity measured against C. albicans and T. rubrum (MIC in the 16–64 μg/mL range) was observed. However, in the case of Leishmania amastigotes, the most active species were Bixa orellana L. (seeds), Chelonantus alatus (Aubl.) Pulle (leaves), Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don. (leaves) and Plantago major L. (leaves) with IC50 < 20 μg/mL and infection rates of 14–25% compared to the control. Concerning immunomodulatory activity, P. major and B. orellana were highlighted as the most potent species for the wider range of cytokines in all tested conditions despite overall contrasting results depending on the model. Most of the species led to moderate to low cytotoxic extracts except for C. alatus, which exhibited strong cytotoxic activity in almost all models. None of the tested extracts displayed wound healing properties.ConclusionsWe highlighted pharmacologically active extracts either on the parasite or on associated pathophysiological aspects, thus supporting the hypothesis that antiparasitic activities are not the only biological factor useful for antileishmanial evaluation. This result should however be supplemented by in vivo studies, and attracts once again the attention on the importance of the choice of biological models for an ethnophamacologically consistent study. Moreover, plant cultural importance, ecological status and availability were discussed in relation with biological results, thus contributing to link ethnobotany, medical anthropology and biology.Show less >

Language :

Anglais

Peer reviewed article :

Oui

Audience :

Internationale

Popular science :

Non

ANR Project :

CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia

Collections :

• Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 9017

Source :

Harvested from HAL