Effects of Learning on Smooth Pursuit ...
Document type :
Article dans une revue scientifique
DOI :
PMID :
Permalink :
Title :
Effects of Learning on Smooth Pursuit During Transient Disappearance of a Visual Target
Author(s) :
Madelain, Laurent [Auteur]
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Krauzlis, Richard J. [Auteur]
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Krauzlis, Richard J. [Auteur]
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Journal title :
Journal of Neurophysiology
Abbreviated title :
Journal of Neurophysiology
Volume number :
90
Pages :
972-982
Publisher :
American Physiological Society
Publication date :
2003-08
HAL domain(s) :
Sciences cognitives
English abstract : [en]
Previous research has demonstrated learning in the pursuit system, but it is unclear whether these effects are the result of changes in visual or motor processing. The ability to maintain smooth pursuit during the transient ...
Show more >Previous research has demonstrated learning in the pursuit system, but it is unclear whether these effects are the result of changes in visual or motor processing. The ability to maintain smooth pursuit during the transient disappearance of a visual target provides a way to assess pursuit properties in the absence of visual inputs. To study the long-term effects of learning on nonvisual signals for pursuit, we used an operant conditioning procedure. By providing a reinforcing auditory stimulus during periods of accurate tracking, we increased the pursuit velocity gain during target blanking from 0.59 in the baseline session to 0.89 after 8 to 10 daily sessions of training. Learning also reduced the occurrence of saccades. The learned effects generalized to untrained target velocities and persisted in the presence of a textured visual background. In a yoked-control group, the reinforcer was independent of the subjects' responses, and the velocity gain remained unchanged (from 0.6 to 0.63, respectively, before and after training). In a control group that received no reinforcer, gain increased slightly after repetition of the task (from 0.63 to 0.71, respectively, before and after training). Using a model of pursuit, we show that these effects of learning can be simulated by modifying the gain of an extra-retinal signal. Our results demonstrate that learned contingencies can increase eye velocity in the absence of visual signals and support the view that pursuit is regulated by extra-retinal signals that can undergo long-term plasticity.Show less >
Show more >Previous research has demonstrated learning in the pursuit system, but it is unclear whether these effects are the result of changes in visual or motor processing. The ability to maintain smooth pursuit during the transient disappearance of a visual target provides a way to assess pursuit properties in the absence of visual inputs. To study the long-term effects of learning on nonvisual signals for pursuit, we used an operant conditioning procedure. By providing a reinforcing auditory stimulus during periods of accurate tracking, we increased the pursuit velocity gain during target blanking from 0.59 in the baseline session to 0.89 after 8 to 10 daily sessions of training. Learning also reduced the occurrence of saccades. The learned effects generalized to untrained target velocities and persisted in the presence of a textured visual background. In a yoked-control group, the reinforcer was independent of the subjects' responses, and the velocity gain remained unchanged (from 0.6 to 0.63, respectively, before and after training). In a control group that received no reinforcer, gain increased slightly after repetition of the task (from 0.63 to 0.71, respectively, before and after training). Using a model of pursuit, we show that these effects of learning can be simulated by modifying the gain of an extra-retinal signal. Our results demonstrate that learned contingencies can increase eye velocity in the absence of visual signals and support the view that pursuit is regulated by extra-retinal signals that can undergo long-term plasticity.Show less >
Language :
Anglais
Peer reviewed article :
Oui
Audience :
Internationale
Popular science :
Non
Administrative institution(s) :
Université de Lille
CNRS
CHU Lille
CNRS
CHU Lille
Collections :
Submission date :
2021-06-24T19:48:47Z
2021-06-28T09:08:55Z
2021-12-01T12:09:37Z
2021-06-28T09:08:55Z
2021-12-01T12:09:37Z