Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein

Belouzard, Sandrine; Millet, Jean; Licitra, Beth N.; Whittaker, Gary R.

Document type :

Article dans une revue scientifique: Article de synthèse/Review paper

DOI :

10.3390/v4061011

PMID :

22816037

Title :

Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein

Author(s) :

Belouzard, Sandrine [Auteur]
Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)
Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL]
Millet, Jean [Auteur]
Licitra, Beth N. [Auteur]
Whittaker, Gary R. [Auteur]

Journal title :

Viruses

Pages :

1011-1033

Publisher :

MDPI

Publication date :

2012

ISSN :

1999-4915

English keyword(s) :

coronavirus
spike
viral entry
fusion
proteolytic activation

HAL domain(s) :

Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

English abstract : [en]

Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-stranded RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm. To deliver their nucleocapsid into the host cell, they rely on the fusion of their envelope with the host cell membrane. The spike ...
Show more >Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-stranded RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm. To deliver their nucleocapsid into the host cell, they rely on the fusion of their envelope with the host cell membrane. The spike glycoprotein (S) mediates virus entry and is a primary determinant of cell tropism and pathogenesis. It is classified as a class I fusion protein, and is responsible for binding to the receptor on the host cell as well as mediating the fusion of host and viral membranes-A process driven by major conformational changes of the S protein. This review discusses coronavirus entry mechanisms focusing on the different triggers used by coronaviruses to initiate the conformational change of the S protein: receptor binding, low pH exposure and proteolytic activation. We also highlight commonalities between coronavirus S proteins and other class I viral fusion proteins, as well as distinctive features that confer distinct tropism, pathogenicity and host interspecies transmission characteristics to coronaviruses.Show less >

Language :

Anglais

Peer reviewed article :

Oui

Audience :

Internationale

Popular science :

Non

Collections :

Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 9017

Source :

Harvested from HAL

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